Islam was introduced by Susu traders, merchants and migrants from the north and east, becoming widely adopted in the 18th century. Sierra Leone's capital Freetown is located in the Western Area of the country and its makes up the Western Area Urban District . The African country of Sierra Leone is divided into five major areas. Strasser replaced Musa as deputy NPRC chairman with Captain Bio, who was instantly promoted by Strasser to brigadier. Female. Stevens reorganised the country's oil refinery, the government-owned Cape Sierra Hotel, and a cement factory. Kabbah's presidency marked the dawn of a new Sierra Leone, which included the end of the civil war in 2002, a focus on fostering national unity and reconciliation, trust in government, peace and stability, the improvement in relations with many countries, and the refounding of the Sierra Leone Armed Forces with special assistance and training led by the Government of the United Kingdom. [103] The country has four distinct geographical regions. The neighbouring countries include Guinea which borders it to the North east and Liberia to its South East. But in May, when nearly all Nigerian forces had left and UN forces were trying to disarm the RUF in eastern Sierra Leone, Sankoh's forces clashed with the UN troops, and some 500 peacekeepers were taken hostage as the peace accord effectively collapsed. [69] Owing to the astute politics of Milton Margai, the educated Protectorate elites were able to join forces with the paramount chiefs in the face of Krio intransigence. Since then, there has been a smooth succession to the presidency all via elections. The country is home to the Sierra Leone Inter-Religious Council, which is made up of both Christian and Muslim religious leaders to promote peace and tolerance throughout the country. As of the 2015 census, Port Loko District has a population of 614,063. [55]:34,223255, These Liberated Africans were from many areas of Africa, but principally the west coast. What Are The Biggest Industries In Sierra Leone? Sir Milton Margai became Sierra Leone's first prime minister. He created several government institutions that are still in use today. [86] SSD officers were loyal to Stevens and were deployed across the country to clamp down on any rebellion or protest against Stevens' government. South Surah, Al Zahra, Block 1, Street 5, Building 22/614, 2023 Copyright - All rights Reserved - Embassy of Sierra Leone, Qatar Education Above All to Support 45,000 Out of School Children in Sierra Leone, Sierra Leones Foreign Minister discusses bilateral and multilateral issues with Qatar Foreign Minister, presents Sierra Leone candidature bid for UNSC non-permanent category for 2024-2025, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, Sierra Leone Investment and Export Promoting Agency. [209] Females can take over the household head if they become widowed or divorced. [257] In 2007 there were 15 daily newspapers in the country, as well as those published weekly. How Many Languages Are There In The World? In addition, it stated that: The population size of Sierra Leone in 2021 has more than tripled since the first modern census that was conducted in 1963. The British Crown reorganised the Sierra Leone Company as the African Institution; it was directed to improve the local economy. After 11 years, the country conducted another census in 1974, in that headcount, the population grew to two million, seven hundred and thirty-five thousand one hundred and fifty-nine (2,735,159) and after another 11 years in 1985, the census report recorded a population of three million five hundred and fifteen thousand, eight hundred and twelve (3,515,812). In 1799 some of the settlers revolted. Inland from the coastal plain is the interior plains region. The town lies about 30 miles . 4043. 28,813 (2015). [210] Males also showed to be more vulnerable to depression after losing a caregiver. In September 2017, a Sierra Leone-based Nigerian Pentecostal Christian pastor name Victor Ajisafe was arrested by the Sierra Leone Police and held in jail after he made controversial remarks against Islam and Sierra Leonean Muslims in particular at his church sermon in the capital Freetown. He also endeavoured to change Sierra Leone from a democracy to a one-party state. In Freetown, the Guma Valley Water Company remains in charge of the water supply. Hence, the country formally became known as the Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate or simply British Sierra Leone. More and more of the country fell into the hands RUF fighters, and by 1994 they had gotten control of much of the diamond-rich Eastern Province and were getting close toward the capital Freetown. Sir Albert resorted to increasingly authoritarian actions in response to protests and enacted several laws against the opposition All People's Congress, whilst attempting to establish a one-party state. . Non-denominational Protestants form a significant minority of Sierra Leone's Christian population. One traditional leader from each district occupies a seat in Sierra Leone's parliament. [159], In conjunction with the UK's Department for International Development (DFID), Sierra Leone has set the goal to provide solar power to all of its citizens by 2025. [52], On 1 January 1808, Thomas Ludlam, the Governor of the Sierra Leone Company and a leading abolitionist, surrendered the company's charter. Its capital and largest town is Bendugu. [74][75] Thousands of Sierra Leoneans took to the streets in celebration. [61] The British established Fourah Bay College in 1827, which rapidly became a magnet for English-speaking Africans on the West Coast. Corporal Gborie quickly went to the Sierra Leone Broadcasting Services headquarters in New England, Freetown to announce the coup to a shocked nation and to alert all soldiers across the country to report for guard duty. [237], According to a national survey carried out in 2006, 84% of the urban population and 32% of the rural population had access to an improved water source. [242], 37 per cent of married women in Sierra Leone were in polygamous marriages in 2008. As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases. The results were that 64% of children were diagnosed with ARI where firewood stoves were used, and 44% where charcoal stoves were used. Ajisafe was apparently angry after a Zimbabwean Muslim cleric Mufti Menk had visited Sierra Leone and preached to large crowds. [103] As a result of migration to cities, the population is becoming more urban with an estimated rate of urbanisation growth of 2.9% a year. The APC named a new presidential candidate to succeed Stevens at party's last delegate conference, held in Freetown in November 1985. The SLPP, which was then the most popular political party in the colony of Sierra Leone as well as being supported by the powerful paramount chiefs in the provinces, won the most seats in Parliament and Margai was re-elected as Chief Minister by a landslide. Four provinces are further divided into 14 districts; the Western Area is divided into two districts. The demonstration was quickly put down by the army and Stevens' own personal Special Security Division (SSD), a heavily armed paramilitary force he had created to protect him and maintain his hold on power. [21], In early 1996, despite the country going through a brutal civil war, the emergence of the prospect of a transformation back to a multi-party democracy brought fresh hopes and great expectations among a majority of Sierra Leoneans, as the national debate "Peace before Elections vs Elections before Peace" became a hot topic. In the 1790s, the Settlers, including adult women, voted for the first time in elections. It is a flat, low-lying, and frequently flooded plain that is between 5 and 25 miles (8 and 40 km) wide and is composed mainly of sands and clays. His father was a Yalunka paramount chief of Solima, a prosperous chieftaincy. The vast majority of Kissi are Christians. [221] The founding members of the Coalition included the Sierra Leone Red Cross Society (the first chairing organisation), LFR International (proposed the formation), the University of Makeni, Agency for Rural Community Transformation, and the Holy Spirit Hospital. [77] He based the government on the rule of law and the separation of powers, with multiparty political institutions and fairly viable representative structures. Bombali became one of the most heavily affected districts in Sierra Leone, with 873 confirmed patients with Ebola during July-November 2014. The report indicated that the countrys just-concluded first digital census proves that the nations population is Seven million, five hundred and forty-eight thousand seven hundred and two (7,548,702). In 2007, a pay-per-view service was also introduced by GTV as part of a pan-African television service in addition to the nine-year-old sub-Saharan Digital satellite television service (DStv) originating from Multichoice Africa in South Africa. The provinces of Sierra Leone are divided into 16 districts, as of July 2017. [209] In numbers, females present a lower per cent (6.3) versus males (15.2) when it comes to be paid employees. [88] The situation has improved considerably since then with primary school enrolment doubling between 2001 and 2005 and the reconstruction of many schools since the end of the war. This sort of representation was not available in Nova Scotia. In the north, it comprises featureless seasonal swamps known as Bolilands (boli being a Temne word for those lands that are flooded in the rainy season and dry and hard in the dry season and on which only grass can grow). [16] Muslims make up about three-quarters of the population, though with an influential Christian minority. Its now home to a diverse group of inhabitants and is also where the Bai Bureh Warriors hail from, one of Sierra Leones oldest and most famous football clubs. ITV and SATCON are currently operational. [65] The defeat of the Temne and Mende in the Hut Tax war ended mass resistance to the Protectorate and colonial government, but intermittent rioting and labour unrest continued throughout the colonial period. It is the wealthiest region in Sierra Leone and also acts as the countrys cultural and financial center. In mid-1974, Guinean soldiers, as requested by Stevens, were stationed in the country to help maintain his hold on power, as Stevens was a close ally of then-Guinean president Ahmed Skou Tour. Females, experiencing higher levels of rapes, presented greater signs of depression and anxiety. Nyagua (c. 18421906), also known as the "Tracking King", was a fierce king who captured many districts and many people came to join him for protection. Overfishing is also an issue in Sierra Leone. The first is the Guma plant which was decommissioned in 1982, the second is the Dodo Plant which is located in the Eastern Province, and finally the Bumbuna plant. Makeni is also governed by a directly elected city council that is headed by the Mayor. Agricultural activities are the major contributors to the economy in this province; farming, fishing, and raising livestock are some of the most common ways people earn money here. The group set up the National Reformation Council (NRC), with Andrew Juxon-Smith as its chairman and Head of State of the country. President Momoh's strong links with the army and his verbal attacks on corruption earned him much-needed initial support among Sierra Leoneans. The topography of the province is mostly hilly woodlands, and the land supports a range of endangered species. [114], Since independence in 1961, Sierra Leone's politics has been dominated by two major political parties: the SLPP and the APC. 113,185 (2015); Katu Town Urban Area: pop. In 1978, the APC-dominant parliament approved a new constitution making the country a one-party state. With the Eastern Province, this is one of two provinces in the country without a coastline. The Sherbro are virtually all Christians, and their paramount chiefs had a history of intermarriage with British colonists and traders. One of the biggest minority ethnic groups are the Fula at around 3.8% of the population. [39][43][44][45], In 1787 the British Crown founded a settlement in Sierra Leone in what was called the "Province of Freedom". The name Yalunka literally means "inhabitants of the Jallon (mountains)". The provinces of Sierra Leone are divided into 14 districts. Chiefdoms [ edit] Further information: Chiefdoms of Sierra Leone The chiefdoms of Sierra Leone. Some of these policies by the SLPP and the NRC were said to have left the country in an economically deprived state.[20]. Men continue to be the lesser population with a total of three million seven hundred and twenty-seven thousand, seven hundred and forty-seven (3,727,747), comprising 49.4% of the total population. The Sierra Leonean Government is constitutionally forbidden from establishing a state religion, though Muslim and Christian prayers are usually held in the country at the beginning of major political occasions, including presidential inaugurations and the official opening of the new session of Parliament. [225], According to 2017 estimates, Sierra Leone has the third highest maternal mortality rate in the world. This environment protected its people from conquest by the Mandinka and other African empires,[30][31] and limited the influence of the Mali Empire. The Sierra Leonean-Lebanese community are primarily traders and they mostly live in middle-class households in the urban areas, primarily in Freetown, Bo, Kenema, Koidu Town and Makeni. Fourteen clubs from across the country compete in the Sierra Leone Premier League. In total, there are 20 cities in Sierra Leone. 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